World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5)

View Measure
Topp CW, Østergaard SD, Søndergaard S, Bech P. The WHO-5 Well-Being Index: a systematic review of the literature. Psychother Psychosom. 2015;84(3):167-76. doi: 10.1159/000376585. Epub 2015 Mar 28. PMID: 25831962.
General information
Purpose The WHO-5 Well-being index is a 5-item measure that assessing subjective psychological well-being.
Domain(s) Goal Pursuit
Life Satisfaction
Positive Affect
Sense of Meaning
Target population Adult
Number of items 5
Administration format self-report
Additional formats
Alternate forms
Availability in other languages "Africa (Algeria, South Africa), Asia (Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand), Europe (Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western and Central Europe), the Americas (Canada, the US, Brazil, Mexico), the Middle East (Israel, Iran, Lebanon) and Oceania (Australia, New Zealand).""
Fee for use
Free
Related information on use of the measure
Non-exhaustive list of psychometric studies

Topp, C. W., Østergaard, S. D., Søndergaard, S., & Bech, P. (2015). The WHO-5 Well-Being Index: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 84(3), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1159/000376585


Heun, R., Bonsignore, M., Barkow, K., & Jessen, F. (2001). Validity of the five-item WHO Well-Being Index (WHO-5) in an elderly population. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 251(2), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03035123


de Wit, M., Pouwer, F., Gemke, R. J. B. J., Delemarre-van de Waal, H. A., & Snoek, F. J. (2007). Validation of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care, 30(8), 2003–2006. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-0447

Additional information

https://ogg.osu.edu/media/documents/MB%20Stream/who5.pdf